With the rise of artificial intelligence (AI) technology, its related technologies have been widely applied in daily life, bringing convenience while posing many new challenges to traditional legal systems. In recent years, the research on AI in the legal field has continued to heat up, with experts, scholars, and practitioners in various fields such as criminal law and civil law focusing on exploring controversial issues in their respective fields and achieving fruitful results. This article takes the relatively mature driverless car technology as a case study, from the perspective of criminal law, reviews academic research findings, and delves into the fundamental issues of criminal law related to AI, aiming to provide support for subsequent research in this field.