Volume 10,Issue 4
Analysis of Adverse Reactions and Drug Safety Evaluation of β-lactam Antibacterial Drugs
Objective: To explore the changes in inflammatory indicators before and after treatment with β-lactam antibacterial drugs to evaluate the antibacterial effect of the drugs, summarize the characteristics of adverse reactions caused by them, and analyze their drug safety characteristics. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 11 cases of adverse reactions to β-lactam antibacterial drugs admitted from 2022 to 2024, and the clinical data of the patients were collected, and the inflammatory indicators before and after treatment, adverse reaction manifestations and recovery conditions were analyzed. Results: The 11 patients were aged between 6 and 77 years old, mainly middle-aged and elderly people; the diseases included 3 cases of pneumonia, 4 cases of bronchitis, 1 case of tonsillitis, 1 case of respiratory tract infection, 1 case of pulmonary infection, and 2 cases of soft tissue infection. Among the types of medication, oxacillin sodium for injection was used the most (7 cases), followed by cefuroxime sodium (2 cases), amoxicillin sodium and clavulanate potassium (1 case), and ceftazidime (1 case). After treatment, the patient’s white blood cell count, neutrophil ratio, and C-reactive protein all decreased (p < 0.05). The main adverse reactions were skin rash (2 cases), nausea and vomiting (4 cases), and chest tightness and fatigue (3 cases). Most of them appeared within 1 hour of taking the drug, and all returned to normal after standardized treatment. Conclusion: β-lactam antibacterial drugs can effectively reduce inflammatory indicators in clinical use, but it is necessary to be alert to adverse reactions such as rash and gastrointestinal reactions. Clinical medication needs to pay attention to the antibacterial efficacy of drugs while strengthening the prevention of adverse reactions to improve medication safety.
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