Urban public spaces are the core carriers for citizens' daily interactions and leisure activities, and their quality is directly related to the livability of the city and the happiness of residents' lives. At present, some public spaces in cities have problems such as single functions, insufficient ecological resilience, lack of adaptability for all ages, and low humanistic recognition, which make it difficult to meet the diverse needs of citizens. From the perspective of landscape design, this article first analyzes the three core issues existing in public spaces: "disconnection between function and demand", "separation between ecology and landscape", and "separation between culture and space". Then, it focuses on four dimensions: functional adaptation, ecological empowerment, friendliness for all ages, and humanistic infiltration. Innovative and optimized strategies are proposed, including the construction of landscape-oriented diverse activity scenarios, the creation of low-maintenance ecosystems, the improvement of landscape-oriented adaptation facilities, and the implantation of local cultural symbols. All strategies focus on specific implementation design methods, aiming to achieve functional upgrades and quality improvements in urban public spaces through systematic intervention in landscape design, and provide references for related design practices.